Umusaruro

Mu myaka 35 ishize, inganda zicyuma nicyuma zabonye impinduka zikomeye.Mu 1980 hakozwe toni miliyoni 716 z'ibyuma kandi ibihugu bikurikira byari mu bayobozi: URSS (21% by'umusaruro w'ibyuma ku isi), Ubuyapani (16%), Amerika (14%), Ubudage (6%), Ubushinwa (5%) ), Ubutaliyani (4%), Ubufaransa na Polonye (3%), Kanada na Berezile (2%).Ishyirahamwe ry’ibyuma ku isi (WSA) rivuga ko mu 2014 umusaruro w’ibyuma ku isi wageze kuri toni miliyoni 1665 - wiyongereyeho 1% ugereranije na 2013. Urutonde rw’ibihugu byayoboye rwahindutse ku buryo bugaragara.Ubushinwa buza ku mwanya wa mbere kandi buruta kure cyane ibindi bihugu (60% by’umusaruro w’ibyuma ku isi), umugabane w’ibindi bihugu kuva kuri 10-ni 2-8% - Ubuyapani (8%), Amerika n'Ubuhinde (6%), Amajyepfo Koreya n'Uburusiya (5%), Ubudage (3%), Turukiya, Burezili na Tayiwani (2%) (reba Ishusho 2).Usibye Ubushinwa, ibindi bihugu byakomeje imyanya muri top-10 ni Ubuhinde, Koreya y'Epfo, Burezili na Turukiya.

Gukoresha

Icyuma muburyo bwose (ibyuma, ibyuma nicyuma kizunguruka) nicyo kintu cyubaka cyane mubukungu bwisi yose.Igumana umwanya wambere mubwubatsi mbere yinkwi, irushanwa na sima no gukorana nayo (ferroconcrete), kandi iracyahatana nubwoko bushya bwibikoresho byubaka (polimers, ceramics).Imyaka myinshi, inganda zubwubatsi zakoresheje ibikoresho bya fer kurusha izindi nganda.Gukoresha ibyuma ku isi birangwa no kuzamuka.Ikigereranyo cyo kwiyongera kw'ikoreshwa ry'imikoreshereze muri 2014 cyari 3%.Iterambere ryo hasi rishobora kugaragara mubihugu byateye imbere (2%).Ibihugu biri mu nzira y'amajyambere bifite urwego rwo hejuru rwo gukoresha ibyuma (toni 1,133).